Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide, after breast, lung, and colon cancers, and the tenth most common cancer in Turkey. According to calculations by the World Health Organization, there were 662,301 new cases worldwide in 2022.

Melanoma develops from cells in the skin called melanocytes. Melanocytes produce the pigment melanin, which gives skin its color. Melanoma is less common than other skin cancers, such as basal or squamous cell carcinoma, but it is much more deadly.

The COVID-19 pandemic, which has left its mark on our country over the last five years, has drawn the attention of scientists regarding the relationship between cancer and the disease. The pandemic has caused significant damage to individuals whose immune systems have been suppressed due to cancer or cancer treatment. Mortality rates have increased among cancer patients with suppressed immune systems during the pandemic.

A thyroid nodule is defined as a distinct lesion within the thyroid gland, ultrasonographically distinct from the surrounding thyroid tissue. The continued development and increased use of other radiologic imaging modalities, particularly neck ultrasound, has revealed that thyroid nodules are much more prevalent in humans than previously recognized.

Lung cancer accounts for approximately one-third of cancer deaths in men and is the leading cause of cancer deaths in women.

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is a high-throughput technique that allows millions of nucleic acids to be sequenced simultaneously in parallel.

Programmed death ligand 1 (PDL1), immune checkpoint protein expressed on activated immune cells and tumor cells. Activated T cells, programmed cell death 1 (PD1) and B7-1 receptor and regulate the immune response and autoimmunity is linked to the limits koinhibitor factor.

Mikrosatelit hotels (short tandem repeats), 2 - 10 nukleotidlik are a recurrent motif that consists of repetitive DNA sequences. Mismatch repair (MMR) genes ( MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, MSH6 ) that defects in DNA synthesis , and mutations in this region are not repaired during mikrosatelit mikrosatelit instability (MSI) causes.

Patient fast on-site evaluation (rose), during a biopsy procedure is an assessment of the adequacy of the patient's diagnostic sample. The procedure itself is done in order to inform and optimize the subsequent patient management.

Metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) therapy, in the last two decades, by focusing on the molecular profile of tumor cells to a large extent driven by histology and treatment strategies has changed. A mutation in lung cancer cells, amplification, insertion, deletion and includes many chromosomal abnormalities such as translocation.

HOPE, DISAPPOINTED?. Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in the world.

How Much Sunlight Do We Need? We can say that vitamin D is the sunshine vitamin.

When breast cancer is diagnosed, the first step is to determine the type of cancer by examining the characteristics of the tumor. For this reason, to take a tissue sample or biopsy of breast tumor is removed surgically if the pathology is examined by a doctor. This information will help in determining which treatment options that is more appropriate for you.

Cancer, which comes right after cardiovascular diseases as the cause of death in the world and in our country, is a health and life problem whose frequency is increasing.