{"id":2959,"date":"2024-09-10T01:28:29","date_gmt":"2024-09-09T22:28:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/?p=2959"},"modified":"2026-05-07T04:01:15","modified_gmt":"2026-05-07T04:01:15","slug":"programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/en\/2024\/09\/10\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\/","title":{"rendered":"Programmed Death ligand 1 (PDL1)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Programlanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6l\u00fcm ligand\u0131 1 (PDL1), aktive edilmi\u015f ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00fccreleri ve t\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccreleri \u00fczerinde eksprese edilen bir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k kontrol noktas\u0131 proteinidir.<br \/>Aktif T h\u00fccrelerinin y\u00fczeyindeki programlanm\u0131\u015f h\u00fccre \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc 1 (PD1) ve B7-1 resept\u00f6rlerine ba\u011flanan ve ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k tepkisini d\u00fczenleyen ve otoimm\u00fcniteyi s\u0131n\u0131rlayan koinhibit\u00f6r fakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br \/>PDL1&#8217;in kanserdeki ekspresyonu, T h\u00fccresi arac\u0131l\u0131 kanser kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k tepkisini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in adaptif bir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k diren\u00e7 mekanizmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PDL1 (22C3), belirli kanserlerde pembrolizumab adl\u0131 ila\u00e7 i\u00e7in FDA onayl\u0131 tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 tan\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck h\u00fccreli olmayan akci\u011fer karsinomu (KHDAK)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Servikal skuam\u00f6z h\u00fccreli karsinom ve endoservikal adenokarsinom<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u015f ve boyun skuam\u00f6z h\u00fccreli karsinomu (HNSCC)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00d6zofagus skuam\u00f6z h\u00fccreli karsinomu (ESCC)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00dc\u00e7l\u00fc negatif meme kanseri (TNBC)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br \/>PDL1 (22C3) skorlamas\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00f6r b\u00f6lgesine \u00f6zg\u00fcd\u00fcr. PDL1, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131\/kronik otoimm\u00fcn inflamasyonu \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k tepkisini d\u00fczenleyen bir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k kontrol noktas\u0131 proteinidir. Normalde aktif ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00fccrelerinde (\u00f6rne\u011fin antijen sunan h\u00fccreler ve B h\u00fccreleri) eksprese edilir. \u0130nflamasyona ve y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyde sitokin ekspresyonuna yan\u0131t olarak ind\u00fcklenerek eksprese edilebilir (IFN\u03b3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"330\" class=\"wp-image-2988\" src=\"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-image.jpg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-image.jpg 800w, https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-image-300x124.jpg 300w, https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-image-768x317.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br \/>CD8+ T h\u00fccrelerindeki d\u00fczenleyici y\u00fczey resept\u00f6rleri PD1 ve B7&#8217;ye ba\u011flan\u0131r. T h\u00fccresi aktivasyonunu engeller ve T h\u00fccresi t\u00fckenmesine neden olur.<br \/>Kanserler, konak\u00e7\u0131 antit\u00fcm\u00f6r ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k tepkisini zay\u0131flatmak i\u00e7in adaptif bir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k diren\u00e7 mekanizmas\u0131 olarak PDL1&#8217;i eksprese edebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PD1\/PDL1 ekseninin se\u00e7ici blokaj\u0131, T h\u00fccresi inhibisyonunu \u00f6nlemek ve T h\u00fccresi arac\u0131l\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccresi \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeyi yeniden etkinle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in \u00e7oklu kanserlerin tedavisinde terap\u00f6tik bir strateji olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"300\" class=\"wp-image-2985\" src=\"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/cd8t.jpg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/cd8t.jpg 450w, https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/cd8t-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br \/>PDL1 (22C3), insan monoklonal PD1 bloke edici antikor olan pembrolizumab&#8217;\u0131n e\u015flik eden tan\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Pembrolizumab, t\u00fcm\u00f6rleri y\u00fcksek PDL1 ekspresyonuna sahip (t\u00fcm\u00f6r oran skoru \u2265 %50), EGFR\u00a0veya\u00a0ALK\u00a0genomik t\u00fcm\u00f6r sapmalar\u0131 olmayan ve metastatik k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck h\u00fccreli olmayan akci\u011fer karsinomu i\u00e7in daha \u00f6nce sistemik kemoterapi tedavisi g\u00f6rmemi\u015f metastatik k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck h\u00fccreli olmayan akci\u011fer\u00a0karsinomu hastalar\u0131n\u0131n tedavisinde endikedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br \/>Pembrolizumab, t\u00fcm\u00f6rleri PDL1 ekspresyonu g\u00f6steren (t\u00fcm\u00f6r oran skoru \u2265 %1) ve platin i\u00e7eren kemoterapi s\u0131ras\u0131nda veya sonras\u0131nda hastal\u0131k progresyonu g\u00f6steren metastatik k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck h\u00fccreli olmayan akci\u011fer karsinomu hastalar\u0131n\u0131n tedavisinde endikedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>EGFR\u00a0veya\u00a0ALK\u00a0genomik t\u00fcm\u00f6r sapmalar\u0131 olan hastalar\u0131n\u00a0, pembrolizumab almadan \u00f6nce bu sapmalar i\u00e7in hastal\u0131k ilerlemesi olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br \/><strong>KEYNOTE-158<\/strong> klinik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re daha \u00f6nce tedavi g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f ileri evre serviks kanseri olan hastalar i\u00e7in pembrolizumab&#8217;\u0131n FDA onay\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30943124\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">(\u00a0J Clin Oncol 2019;37:1470\u00a0)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br \/><strong>KEYNOTE-052<\/strong> klinik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na dayal\u0131 olarak lokal olarak ilerlemi\u015f veya metastatik \u00fcrotelyal karsinomlu, sisplatin i\u00e7eren kemoterapiye uygun olmayan hastalar i\u00e7in pembrolizumab&#8217;\u0131n FDA onay\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28967485\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">(\u00a0Lancet Oncol 2017;18:1483\u00a0)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br \/><strong>FDA, KEYNOTE-048<\/strong> klinik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31679945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">( Lancet 2019;394:1915\u00a0)<\/a>\u00a0dayanarak tekrarlayan veya metastatik ba\u015f ve boyun skuam\u00f6z h\u00fccreli karsinomu olan hastalar i\u00e7in birinci basamak tedavi olarak pembrolizumab i\u00e7in onay verdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br \/><strong>KEYNOTE-355<\/strong> klinik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re ileri\/metastatik \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc negatif meme kanseri i\u00e7in pembrolizumab&#8217;\u0131n FDA onay\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/ascopubs.org\/doi\/10.1200\/JCO.2020.38.15_suppl.1000\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">(\u00a0J Clin Oncol 2020;38:1000\u00a0)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br \/><strong>KEYNOTE-181<\/strong> klinik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na dayal\u0131 olarak tekrarlayan lokal olarak ilerlemi\u015f veya metastatik \u00f6zofageal skuam\u00f6z h\u00fccreli karsinom i\u00e7in pembrolizumab i\u00e7in FDA onay\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/33026938\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">(\u00a0J Clin Oncol 2020;38:4138\u00a0)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br \/>PharmDX PDL1 (22C3) testi, PDL1&#8217;in h\u00fccre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 alan\u0131n\u0131 hedef alan monoklonal fare anti-PDL1 klonu 22C3 kullanan bir imm\u00fcnohistokimyasal testtir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>De\u011ferlendirme i\u00e7in en az 100 canl\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccresinin mevcut olmas\u0131 gerekir<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nekrotik b\u00f6lgelerde puanlamadan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Herhangi bir boyama yo\u011funlu\u011fu derecesi (1+ ila 3+) puanlamaya katk\u0131da bulunur<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Puanlama t\u00fcm\u00f6r b\u00f6lgesine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Boyama hem ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00fccresi (IC) hem de t\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccresi (TC) bile\u015fenlerinde mevcut olabilir<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccreleri\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sadece membran boyama de\u011ferlendirilmelidir<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>K\u0131smi veya tam membran boyama dahildir<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sitoplazmik boyama dahil de\u011fildir<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00fccreleri\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Y\u00fcksek N:C oran\u0131 nedeniyle membran ve sitoplazmik boyama genellikle ay\u0131rt edilemez<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bu nedenle, hem inflamatuar h\u00fccrelerin membran hem de sitoplazmik boyanmas\u0131 dahil edilmi\u015ftir<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sadece lenfositler ve makrofajlardaki boyanma say\u0131l\u0131r<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N\u00f6trofiller, eozinofiller ve plazma h\u00fccrelerindeki boyanma say\u0131lmaz<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00d6nerilen kontrol dokusu: <em>iyi huylu insan tonsil<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"330\" class=\"wp-image-2992\" src=\"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-image-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-image-2.jpg 800w, https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-image-2-300x124.jpg 300w, https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-image-2-768x317.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><br \/>\u2028K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck h\u00fccreli olmayan akci\u011fer karsinomu (KHDAK)<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br \/>T\u00fcm\u00f6r oran skoru (TPS) kullan\u0131larak de\u011ferlendirildi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>TPS, \u00f6rnekte bulunan t\u00fcm canl\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccrelerine g\u00f6re k\u0131smi veya tam membran boyanmas\u0131 (\u2265 1+) g\u00f6steren canl\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccrelerinin y\u00fczdesidir<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TPS \u2265 %1 ise numunenin PDL1 ekspresyonuna sahip oldu\u011fu ve TPS \u2265 %50 ise y\u00fcksek PDL1 ekspresyonuna sahip oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmelidir<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"216\" class=\"wp-image-2965\" src=\"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-table-1-1024x216.jpg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-table-1-1024x216.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-table-1-300x63.jpg 300w, https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-table-1-768x162.jpg 768w, https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-table-1-1536x324.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-table-1.jpg 2013w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br \/>3 seviyeye ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>TPS &lt; %1: PDL1 ekspresyonu yok<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TPS 1 &#8211; 49%: PDL1 ekspresyonu<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TPS \u2265 %50: y\u00fcksek PDL1 ekspresyonu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><br \/>\u2028Servikal karsinom<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130fade, birle\u015fik pozitif puan (CPS) kullan\u0131larak belirlenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>CPS, PDL1 boyanan h\u00fccrelerin (t\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccreleri, lenfositler, makrofajlar) say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n toplam canl\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccresi say\u0131s\u0131na b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi ve 100 ile \u00e7arp\u0131lmas\u0131yla elde edilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CPS \u2265 1 ise numunenin PDL1 ekspresyonuna sahip oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmelidir<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Paydadaki h\u00fccreler, t\u00fcm\u00f6re verilen yan\u0131tla do\u011frudan ili\u015fkili olan t\u00fcm canl\u0131 invaziv t\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccrelerini ve monon\u00fckleer ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00fccrelerini (t\u00fcm\u00f6r yuvalar\u0131ndaki ve biti\u015fik destekleyici stromadaki lenfositler ve makrofajlar) i\u00e7erir; biti\u015fik monon\u00fckleer ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00fccreleri, t\u00fcm\u00f6rle ayn\u0131 20x alan\u0131nda yer alan h\u00fccreler olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"214\" class=\"wp-image-2969\" src=\"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-table-2-1024x214.jpg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-table-2-1024x214.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-table-2-300x63.jpg 300w, https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-table-2-768x161.jpg 768w, https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-table-2-1536x321.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-table-2.jpg 2022w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">CPS de\u011feri &gt; 100 olabilir ancak bildirilen maksimum de\u011fer 100&#8217;d\u00fcr<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2 gruba ayr\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>CPS &lt; 1: PDL1 ekspresyonu yok<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CPS \u2265 1: PDL1 ekspresyonu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><br \/>\u2028Ba\u015f ve boyun skuam\u00f6z h\u00fccreli karsinomu (HNSCC)<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130fade, birle\u015fik pozitif puan (CPS) kullan\u0131larak belirlenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>CPS, PDL1 boyanan h\u00fccrelerin (t\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccreleri, lenfositler, makrofajlar) say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n toplam canl\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccresi say\u0131s\u0131na b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi ve 100 ile \u00e7arp\u0131lmas\u0131yla elde edilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>PDL1 ekspresyonu (CPS \u2265 1), hastan\u0131n pembrolizumab ile birinci basamak tedaviye uygunlu\u011funu bildirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Paydadaki h\u00fccreler, t\u00fcm\u00f6re verilen yan\u0131tla do\u011frudan ili\u015fkili olan t\u00fcm canl\u0131 invaziv t\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccrelerini ve monon\u00fckleer ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00fccrelerini (t\u00fcm\u00f6r yuvalar\u0131ndaki ve biti\u015fik destekleyici stromadaki lenfositler ve makrofajlar) i\u00e7erir; biti\u015fik monon\u00fckleer ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00fccreleri, t\u00fcm\u00f6rle ayn\u0131 20x alan\u0131nda yer alan h\u00fccreler olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3 gruba ayr\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>CPS &lt; 1: PDL1 ekspresyonu yok<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CPS \u2265 1: PDL1 ekspresyonu<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CPS \u2265 20: PDL1 ekspresyonu*<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">*PDL1 ekspresyon d\u00fczeyi CPS \u2265 20 tedavi eden hekimler i\u00e7in ilgi \u00e7ekici olabilir ancak birinci basamak tedavi i\u00e7in uygunlu\u011fu belirlemez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><br \/>\u2028\u00d6zofagus skuam\u00f6z h\u00fccreli karsinomu (ESCC)<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130fade, birle\u015fik pozitif puan (CPS) kullan\u0131larak belirlenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>CPS, PDL1 boyanan h\u00fccrelerin (t\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccreleri, lenfositler, makrofajlar) say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n toplam canl\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccresi say\u0131s\u0131na b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi ve 100 ile \u00e7arp\u0131lmas\u0131yla elde edilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CPS \u2265 10 ise numunenin PDL1 ekspresyonuna sahip oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmelidir<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Paydadaki h\u00fccreler, t\u00fcm\u00f6re verilen yan\u0131tla do\u011frudan ili\u015fkili olan t\u00fcm canl\u0131 invaziv t\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccrelerini ve monon\u00fckleer ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00fccrelerini (t\u00fcm\u00f6r yuvalar\u0131ndaki ve biti\u015fik destekleyici stromadaki lenfositler ve makrofajlar) i\u00e7erir; biti\u015fik monon\u00fckleer ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00fccreleri, t\u00fcm\u00f6rle ayn\u0131 20x alan\u0131nda yer alan h\u00fccreler olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2 gruba ayr\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>CPS &lt; 10: PDL1 ekspresyonu yok<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CPS \u2265 10: PDL1 ekspresyonu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><br \/>\u2028\u00dc\u00e7l\u00fc negatif meme kanseri (TNBC)<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130fade, birle\u015fik pozitif puan (CPS) kullan\u0131larak belirlenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>CPS, PDL1 boyanan h\u00fccrelerin (t\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccreleri, lenfositler, makrofajlar) say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n toplam canl\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccresi say\u0131s\u0131na b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi ve 100 ile \u00e7arp\u0131lmas\u0131yla elde edilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CPS \u2265 10 ise numunenin PDL1 ekspresyonuna sahip oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmelidir<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2 gruba ayr\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u00c7HS &lt; 10<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CPS \u2265 10<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><br \/>\u2028\u00dcrotelyal karsinom<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FDA&#8217;n\u0131n Onkolojik \u0130la\u00e7lar Dan\u0131\u015fma Komitesi (ODAC) toplant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n (2021) ard\u0131ndan, onayl\u0131 pembrolizumab endikasyonu, platin i\u00e7eren kemoterapiye uygun olmayan lokal olarak ilerlemi\u015f veya metastatik \u00fcrotelyal karsinomlu hastalar\u0131n tedavisi i\u00e7in g\u00fcncellendi; bu g\u00fcncelleme nedeniyle, \u00fcrotelyal karsinomlu hastalar\u0131n pembrolizumab tedavisine uygunlu\u011funu belirlemek i\u00e7in PDL1 testi art\u0131k endike de\u011fildir<br \/>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Referanslar:\u00a0<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Agilent: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.agilent.com\/en-us\/PageUnavailable?s=\/\/www.agilent.com\/en\/product\/pharmdx\/pd-l1-ihc-22c3-pharmdx-overview\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx Genel Bak\u0131\u015f [Eri\u015fim tarihi 2 \u015eubat 2023]\u00a0<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Agilent: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.agilent.com\/cs\/library\/usermanuals\/public\/29158_pd-l1-ihc-22C3-pharmdx-nsclc-interpretation-manual.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx Yorumlama K\u0131lavuzu &#8211; NSCLC [Eri\u015fim tarihi 2 Mart 2023]\u00a0<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dako: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.agilent.com\/cs\/library\/usermanuals\/public\/D54358%20rev01%20KN181%20ESCC%20Interpretation%20Manual.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx Yorumlama K\u0131lavuzu &#8211; \u00d6zofageal Skuam\u00f6z H\u00fccreli Karsinom (ESCC) [Eri\u015fim tarihi 16 Ocak 2023]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Programmed death ligand 1 (PDL1), immune checkpoint protein expressed on activated immune cells and tumor cells.<br \/>\nActivated T cells, programmed cell death 1 (PD1) and B7-1 receptor and regulate the immune response and autoimmunity is linked to the limits koinhibitor factor.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2984,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2959","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Programlanm\u0131\u015f \u00d6l\u00fcm Ligand\u0131 1 (PDL1) - Marmara Patoloji<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Programlanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6l\u00fcm ligand\u0131 1 (PDL1), aktive edilmi\u015f ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00fccreleri ve t\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccreleri \u00fczerinde eksprese edilen bir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k kontrol..\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/en\/2024\/09\/10\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Programlanm\u0131\u015f \u00d6l\u00fcm Ligand\u0131 1 (PDL1) - Marmara Patoloji\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Programlanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6l\u00fcm ligand\u0131 1 (PDL1), aktive edilmi\u015f ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00fccreleri ve t\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccreleri \u00fczerinde eksprese edilen bir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k kontrol..\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/en\/2024\/09\/10\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Marmara Patoloji\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-09-09T22:28:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-05-07T04:01:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-featured.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"960\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"rimon1527@gmail.com\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"rimon1527@gmail.com\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/2024\\\/09\\\/10\\\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/2024\\\/09\\\/10\\\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"rimon1527@gmail.com\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/3c14fd3c6e995a7c52fc3a52813b9aed\"},\"headline\":\"Programlanm\u0131\u015f \u00d6l\u00fcm Ligand\u0131 1 (PDL1)\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-09-09T22:28:29+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-05-07T04:01:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/2024\\\/09\\\/10\\\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1514,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/2024\\\/09\\\/10\\\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/09\\\/pdl-featured.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"blog\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/2024\\\/09\\\/10\\\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/2024\\\/09\\\/10\\\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/2024\\\/09\\\/10\\\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\\\/\",\"name\":\"Programlanm\u0131\u015f \u00d6l\u00fcm Ligand\u0131 1 (PDL1) - Marmara Patoloji\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/2024\\\/09\\\/10\\\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/2024\\\/09\\\/10\\\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/09\\\/pdl-featured.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-09-09T22:28:29+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-05-07T04:01:15+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/3c14fd3c6e995a7c52fc3a52813b9aed\"},\"description\":\"Programlanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6l\u00fcm ligand\u0131 1 (PDL1), aktive edilmi\u015f ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00fccreleri ve t\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccreleri \u00fczerinde eksprese edilen bir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k kontrol..\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/2024\\\/09\\\/10\\\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/2024\\\/09\\\/10\\\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/2024\\\/09\\\/10\\\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/09\\\/pdl-featured.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/09\\\/pdl-featured.jpg\",\"width\":960,\"height\":600,\"caption\":\"pdl1\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/2024\\\/09\\\/10\\\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Programlanm\u0131\u015f \u00d6l\u00fcm Ligand\u0131 1 (PDL1)\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/\",\"name\":\"Marmara Patoloji\",\"description\":\"Marmara Patoloji\",\"alternateName\":\"marmarapatoloji.com\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/3c14fd3c6e995a7c52fc3a52813b9aed\",\"name\":\"rimon1527@gmail.com\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/08fe6268076d6fef35bd88535843052b902160196d29e246545768ac5a3e9a61?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/08fe6268076d6fef35bd88535843052b902160196d29e246545768ac5a3e9a61?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/08fe6268076d6fef35bd88535843052b902160196d29e246545768ac5a3e9a61?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"rimon1527@gmail.com\"},\"sameAs\":[\"http:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/marmarapatoloji.com\\\/en\\\/author\\\/rimon1527gmail-com\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Programlanm\u0131\u015f \u00d6l\u00fcm Ligand\u0131 1 (PDL1) - Marmara Patoloji","description":"Programlanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6l\u00fcm ligand\u0131 1 (PDL1), aktive edilmi\u015f ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00fccreleri ve t\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccreleri \u00fczerinde eksprese edilen bir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k kontrol..","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/en\/2024\/09\/10\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Programlanm\u0131\u015f \u00d6l\u00fcm Ligand\u0131 1 (PDL1) - Marmara Patoloji","og_description":"Programlanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6l\u00fcm ligand\u0131 1 (PDL1), aktive edilmi\u015f ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00fccreleri ve t\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccreleri \u00fczerinde eksprese edilen bir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k kontrol..","og_url":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/en\/2024\/09\/10\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\/","og_site_name":"Marmara Patoloji","article_published_time":"2024-09-09T22:28:29+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-05-07T04:01:15+00:00","og_image":[{"width":960,"height":600,"url":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-featured.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"rimon1527@gmail.com","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"rimon1527@gmail.com","Est. reading time":"8 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/2024\/09\/10\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/2024\/09\/10\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\/"},"author":{"name":"rimon1527@gmail.com","@id":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/#\/schema\/person\/3c14fd3c6e995a7c52fc3a52813b9aed"},"headline":"Programlanm\u0131\u015f \u00d6l\u00fcm Ligand\u0131 1 (PDL1)","datePublished":"2024-09-09T22:28:29+00:00","dateModified":"2026-05-07T04:01:15+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/2024\/09\/10\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\/"},"wordCount":1514,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/2024\/09\/10\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-featured.jpg","articleSection":["blog"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/2024\/09\/10\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/2024\/09\/10\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\/","url":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/2024\/09\/10\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\/","name":"Programlanm\u0131\u015f \u00d6l\u00fcm Ligand\u0131 1 (PDL1) - Marmara Patoloji","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/2024\/09\/10\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/2024\/09\/10\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-featured.jpg","datePublished":"2024-09-09T22:28:29+00:00","dateModified":"2026-05-07T04:01:15+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/#\/schema\/person\/3c14fd3c6e995a7c52fc3a52813b9aed"},"description":"Programlanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6l\u00fcm ligand\u0131 1 (PDL1), aktive edilmi\u015f ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00fccreleri ve t\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccreleri \u00fczerinde eksprese edilen bir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k kontrol..","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/2024\/09\/10\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/2024\/09\/10\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/2024\/09\/10\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-featured.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/pdl-featured.jpg","width":960,"height":600,"caption":"pdl1"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/2024\/09\/10\/programlanmis-olum-ligandi-1-pdl1\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Programlanm\u0131\u015f \u00d6l\u00fcm Ligand\u0131 1 (PDL1)"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/","name":"Marmara Patoloji","description":"Marmara Patoloji","alternateName":"marmarapatoloji.com","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/#\/schema\/person\/3c14fd3c6e995a7c52fc3a52813b9aed","name":"rimon1527@gmail.com","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/08fe6268076d6fef35bd88535843052b902160196d29e246545768ac5a3e9a61?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/08fe6268076d6fef35bd88535843052b902160196d29e246545768ac5a3e9a61?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/08fe6268076d6fef35bd88535843052b902160196d29e246545768ac5a3e9a61?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"rimon1527@gmail.com"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com"],"url":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/en\/author\/rimon1527gmail-com\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2959","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2959"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2959\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3879,"href":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2959\/revisions\/3879"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2984"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2959"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2959"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marmarapatoloji.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2959"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}